The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is a critically endangered species of crocodilian native to the Indian subcontinent. Here’s a description of its distribution by country:

1. India: Gharials are primarily found in India, particularly in the northern and central regions of the country. They inhabit major river systems such as the Ganges, Yamuna, Chambal, and Brahmaputra rivers, as well as their tributaries and associated wetlands.
2. Nepal: Gharials also inhabit certain river systems in Nepal, particularly in the Terai region along the southern border with India. They are found in rivers such as the Narayani, Karnali, and Rapti.
3. Pakistan: Historically, gharials were found in the Indus River system in Pakistan. However, their range in Pakistan has greatly diminished, and they are now considered locally extinct in most areas.

Gharials are well-adapted to life in freshwater habitats, with their long, slender snouts and specialized teeth allowing them to catch fish, their primary prey. Despite their wide historical range, gharial populations have declined drastically due to habitat loss, river pollution, habitat fragmentation, and accidental entanglement in fishing nets. Conservation efforts are underway to protect remaining gharial populations and their habitats, including the establishment of protected areas, captive breeding programs, and community-based conservation initiatives.