The Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) is a species of penguin native to the coasts of South America, particularly in the southern regions of the continent. Here’s a description of its distribution by country:

1. Argentina: Magellanic penguins are found along the Atlantic coast of Argentina, where they breed on islands and coastal areas from northern Patagonia to Tierra del Fuego. Key breeding colonies include Punta Tombo, Punta Norte, and the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas).
2. Chile: Magellanic penguins also inhabit the Pacific coast of Chile, particularly in the southern regions of the country, including Chiloé Island and the coastal areas of southern Patagonia.
3. Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas): The Falkland Islands are home to significant populations of Magellanic penguins, with breeding colonies spread across various islands in the archipelago.

Magellanic penguins are medium-sized penguins with distinctive black and white plumage and a band of black feathers across their chest. They are adept swimmers and feed primarily on fish and squid, foraging in the cold waters of the South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans.

Despite their widespread distribution, Magellanic penguins face threats from human activities, including oil spills, overfishing, and disturbance at breeding colonies. Climate change also poses a threat, affecting ocean currents and fish populations. Conservation efforts aim to protect breeding colonies, mitigate human impacts, and monitor populations to ensure the long-term survival of this iconic species.